Biological Systems MCAT Practice Exam

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Study for the Biological Systems MCAT Exam. Ace your test with flashcards and multiple choice questions, including hints and explanations. Be prepared for your exam!

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What is the role of prolactin during breastfeeding?

Triggers ovulation
Stimulates milk production
Causes uterine contractions
Increases blood volume

The correct answer is: Stimulates milk production

Prolactin plays a crucial role in breastfeeding by stimulating milk production in the mammary glands. This hormone is released by the anterior pituitary gland in response to suckling and other stimuli related to breastfeeding. The increased levels of prolactin encourage the alveolar cells in the breasts to produce milk, ensuring that the nursing infant receives adequate nutrition. Additionally, higher prolactin levels help maintain milk supply by signaling the body to continue synthesizing and secreting milk as long as breastfeeding continues. While other hormonal activities occur during breastfeeding, such as the potential inhibition of ovulation due to elevated prolactin levels and the involvement of oxytocin for milk ejection, prolactin specifically is central to the process of milk production. Understanding this function is vital for grasping the physiological mechanisms that support lactation.