Biological Systems MCAT Practice Exam

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Study for the Biological Systems MCAT Exam. Ace your test with flashcards and multiple choice questions, including hints and explanations. Be prepared for your exam!

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What is the role of the Graafian follicle during the menstrual cycle?

To produce sperm during ovulation.
To release the ovum into the fallopian tube.
To signal menopause.
To degenerate after menstruation.

The correct answer is: To release the ovum into the fallopian tube.

The Graafian follicle, also known as the mature follicle, plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle, particularly during the process of ovulation. As the menstrual cycle progresses, follicles in the ovaries develop, and one usually reaches full maturity during each cycle. This mature follicle is responsible for releasing a mature ovum (egg) into the fallopian tube, a process that occurs during ovulation. Following the release of the ovum, the remaining structure of the Graafian follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which plays a significant role in secreting hormones necessary for maintaining the uterine lining and supporting potential pregnancy. The release of the ovum is essential for fertilization to occur should sperm be present. The other options indicate functions that do not align with the role of the Graafian follicle. For instance, the production of sperm is unrelated since this process occurs in males, not females. Signaling menopause pertains to a different phase of a female's reproductive lifespan, while degeneration after menstruation would relate to different ovarian structures rather than the specific function of the Graafian follicle.