Biological Systems MCAT Practice Exam

How does turbulence in blood flow commonly relate to peripheral resistance?

1. Decreases blood flow

2. Increases blood pressure

3. Decreases oxygen transport

4. Increases heart contractility

The correct answer is: Increases blood pressure

Turbulence in blood flow is closely linked to peripheral resistance, as it is caused by irregularities in the vessel diameter or changes in flow rates. When blood flow becomes turbulent, it encounters more resistance, which can lead to an increase in blood pressure. This rise in blood pressure occurs because the heart must exert more force to overcome the increased resistance from the turbulent flow. In arteries, turbulence can be influenced by a number of factors, such as high blood flow velocities and sharp turns or narrow sections in the vascular system. This turbulence does not reduce blood flow but rather contributes to a situation where the heart has to pump harder to maintain adequate circulation, effectively raising blood pressure as a result. Understanding this relationship is crucial in the context of cardiovascular health, where turbulence may indicate underlying issues such as atherosclerosis or other forms of vascular occlusion that can further complicate peripheral resistance and pressure dynamics.