Master the Biology Bash: 2026 MCAT Biological Systems Practice Challenge!

The corpus callosum is the structure that connects the cerebral hemispheres, facilitating communication between the left and right sides of the brain. It is a thick band of neural fibers that allows the transfer of motor, sensory, and cognitive information between the two hemispheres, which is crucial for coordinated brain function. This interhemispheric communication is important for integrating experiences and for functions such as language, movement, and vision.

Other structures mentioned have different roles. The basal ganglia are involved in the regulation of voluntary motor movements and procedural learning, while the cerebellum primarily coordinates balance and fine motor skills. The hippocampus is involved in memory formation and spatial navigation, but does not serve a direct role in connecting the hemispheres. Hence, the unique function of the corpus callosum makes it the correct answer regarding the connection of the cerebral hemispheres.